It is one of the most complex protocols in use on the internet, because of the nature of usenet news. The following standards related to the network news transfer protocol have been published as rfcs by the ietf. Nntp replaced the original usenet protocol, unixtounix copy protocol uucp some time ago. Short for network news transfer protocol, nntp is a protocol that replaced uucp. Nntp network news transfer protocol is the predominant protocol used by computer clients and servers for managing the notes posted on usenet newsgroup s. Usenet uses the network news transfer protocol nntp.
Network news transfer protocol nntp the network news transfer protocol nntp is a news transfer system over a transmission control protocol tcp network. Network news transfer protocol a proposed standard for the streambased transmission of news status of this memo nntp specifies a protocol for the distribution, inquiry, retrieval, and posting of news articles using a reliable streambased transmission of news among the arpainternet community. A usenet newsreader that connects to a news server via the nntp protocol. This paper discusses how the network news transfer protocol can be used to distribute news between stations on packet radio networks. As such wed like to help new users understand nntp and how the protocol can be used to download and post articles to newsgroups. It is similar to the smtp protocol used for sending email messages, but is designed specifically for newsgroup articles. Nntp is listed in the worlds largest and most authoritative dictionary database of abbreviations and acronyms. For a message to be posted to a newsgroup, it must be sent through this protocol that interacts between news servers and newsreader programs.
It is compatible with rfc 3977 as well as the older rfc 977 and rfc 2980 here are two small examples of how it can be used. Till now you might have got some idea about the acronym, abbreviation or meaning of nntp. Nntp replaced the original usenet protocol, unixtounix. Rfc 4643 network news transfer protocol nntp extension. A newsgroup is a discussion about a particular subject consisting of notes written to a central internet site and redistributed through usenet, a worldwide network of news discussion groups. Simple network time protocol sntp is a simplified version of network time protocol ntp that is used to synchronize computer clocks on a network. Nntp is basically the software foundation of a newsgroup server. A nttp client is a part of the web browser also called as a news reader. Weve mentioned two nntp commands that are key to how news articles are pushed or pulled between servers. Network news transfer protocol the protocol used to connect to usenet groups on the internet. Follow the ietf link for each draft to see all historic versions available from the ietf archive and diffs between. Bandwidth usage optimization for nntp protocol springerlink. Examples may use commands or other keywords not defined in this. It is what queries, distributes, posts, and retrieves news articles.
Now well look at these in the context of an actual nntp session to show you how simple the protocol is. The protocol is ad hoc and most implementations differ in one way or another. Basically, nntp protocol in documented form is appeared first in rfc 3977 that was made public in the month of october, 2006. Rfc 3977 network news transfer protocol nntp october 2006 examples in this document. For more information about ntlm authentication, see msnlmp. Nntp is in widespread use in the internet community ad is standardized in rfc977. All definitions are approved by humans before publishing. Network news transfer protocol nntp extension specifies the use of ntlm authentication by nntp to facilitate client authentication to an nntp server. One of the many fundamental things to know as a network engineer is the function and port number used by a number of common services as well as many that are typically implemented during the course of a network engineers career. Internet usenet hosts normally runs its own protocol. Nntp also allows for both the sending and receipt of information. Short for network news transfer protocol, the protocol used to post, distribute, and retrieve usenet messages. This very simple protocol is to some extent similar to pop3 and smtp protocols. Brief introduction of usenet, nntp, nntp propagation.
In 1986, rfc 977 provided the network news transfer protocol nntp specification for distribution of usenet articles over tcpip as a more flexible alternative to informal internet transfers of uucp traffic. Network news transfer protocol nntp extension nt lan manager ntlm authentication. Nntp can distribute, query, post and retrieve news items, sometimes called newsgroups. The definition of nntp is given above so check it out related information. The user at the terminal interacts with the local telnet client. It can be used to implement a news reader or poster, or automated news processors. Abbreviation network news transfer protocol nntp rate abbreviation network news transport protocol nntp rate abbreviation news network transfer protocol nntp rate abbreviation net news transport protocol.
I propose the use of nntp, the network news transfer protocol, for the forwarding of bulletins between amateur radio stations. It clarifies some vagueness in rfc 977, includes some new base functionality, and provides a specific mechanism to add standardized. This document is a replacement for rfc 977, and officially updates the protocol specification. Realize as well that downloading a warez copy of a ed product is theft.
Transport protocol nntp traffic is responsible for up to 5% of residential network. It clarifies some vagueness in rfc 977, includes some new base functionality, and provides a specific. The network news transfer protocol nntp has been in use in the internet for a decade, and remains one of the most popular protocols by volume in use today. Nntp servers are responsible for managing usenet newsgroup collected globally. The telnet service is offered in the host machines tcp port 23. Nntp initialism of network news transfer protocol a standard mechanism for transferring messages between a server and a newsreader programreferences. The main nntp standard defines a number of base nntp commands that are used by the device initiating an nntp connection to accomplish article propagation, posting or reading functions. The nntp protocol is a means by which one can access almost every kind of media, from movies to pictures, to full fledged programs. This simplified version of ntp is generally used when full implementation of ntp is not needed. Since the internet boom of the 1990s, almost all usenet distribution is over nntp. Nntp network news transfer protocol the predominant protocol used by computers servers and clients for managing the notes posted on newsgroups. Streaming extensions of the nntp protocol provide methods of pipelining article transfers to. It is the default protocol for conducting financial transactions on the web, and can protect a websites users from. The authinfo extension the authinfo extension is used to authenticate a user.
From the user end, it simply refers to the means by which the many thousands of various newsgroups and their associated content are accessed by client computers. Various standard organiza tions have defined many communication protocols and all major vendors have their. This article takes a look at these protocols, provides a basic description of their function and lists the port numbers that they are. Well nntp like almost every protocol follows the clientserver model and is also an application layer protocol, as defined by the osi reference model. Hierarchy the ntp protocol has a hierarchical design in order to prevent large numbers of clients from accessing the same primary time sources. Nntp protocol is the well suited for sending usenet news communication either between servers or a news server and newsreader client. The protocol uses tcp as its transport protocol and of course the ip protocol for routing purposes. Rfc 3977 network news transfer protocol nntp ietf tools. Sep 09, 2019 nntp is an acronym for network news transfer protocol. Note that authorization is a matter of site policy, not network protocol, and therefore it is not discussed in this document. Transport layer of the internet protocol suite, most notably the transmission control protocol tcp and the user datagram protocol udp, but also other protocols, use a numerical identifier for the.
Nntp clients include commandline unix newsreaders such as rn and trn to. The network news transfer protocol and its use in packet radio. All the three are used to transfer information over a computer network, and are an integral part of todays internet. Intelop corporation intelop corporation 115 sftp, simple file transfer protocol. This module defines the class nntp which implements the client side of the network news transfer protocol.
A protocol for usenet nntp is the primary protocol used for communication between news servers, as well as between client software and a news server. The network news transfer protocol nntp is an application protocol used for transporting. Looking for online definition of nntp or what nntp stands for. Nntp or network news transfer protocol is used to manage the notes posted on unset newsgroup a collection of posted notes on a subject posted by different users. Rfc 4643 nntp authentication october 2006 in the examples, commands from the client are indicated with, and responses from the server are indicated with s. Pdf the finding by maier et al that network news transport protocol nntp traffic is responsible. The information here copies information also available from the ietf internetdraft archive tool, but focuses only on rfcs related to nntp. But there are currently no standardized protocols in use, and there is no widespread use of news forwarding protocols at all among amateur tcpip stations. A comprehensive introduction raj jain professor of computer science and engineering. Nntp network news transfer protocol is the predominant protocol used by computer clients and servers for managing the notes posted on usenet. There are many situations in which email is not ideally suited, such as when information needs to be shared amongst a.
Louis 2008 raj jain computer networking and internet protocols. Tcpip ports and protocols pearson it certification. Nntp is defined in rfc 977 and is assigned to port 119 when being used through internet tcp. Nntp network news transfer protocol ist ein ubertragungsprotokoll fur nachrichten in. Nntp commands consist of a command code and optionally, parameters that specify how the command is to be carried out. On that note i hope that this introduction to the nntp protocol was of interest to you and as always i welcome your feedback. Networking what is nntp network news transfer protocol. Usenet network news and the tcpip network news transfer protocol nntp electronic mail is one of the stalwarts of message transfer on the modern internet, but is really designed only for communication within a relatively small group of specific users. For free web hosting free cpanel web hosting with php5mysql no advertising. An easytounderstand definition of the internet term nntp. International conference on computer aided systems theory. This hierarchy should be adhered to, and a large number of clients should not be configured to overload a. Network protocols are the languages and rules used during communication in a computer network.
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